The Hangzhou Metro () is a

rapid transit Rapid transit or mass rapid transit (MRT), also known as heavy rail or metro, is a type of high-capacity public transport generally found in urban areas. A rapid transit system that primarily or traditionally runs below the surface may be c ...

system that serves

Hangzhou Hangzhou ( or , ; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ), also romanized as Hangchow, is the capital and most populous city of Zhejiang, China. It is located in the northwestern part of the province, sitting at the head of Hangzhou Bay, whi ...

Zhejiang Zhejiang ( or , ; , also romanized as Chekiang) is an eastern, coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable cities include Ningbo and Wenzhou. Zhejiang is bordered by Jiang ...

province, China. The system opened on November 24, 2012. It is the 17th city in China to operate a rapid transit system.

Network

Metro

Commuter rail

Description

There are currently 13 lines (12 metro lines and 1 commuter rail) in operation. The adjacent

Shaoxing Metro Shaoxing Metro (), also known as Shaoxing Rail Transit, is the metro system in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Zhejiang ( or , ; , also romanized as Chekiang) is an eastern, coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and large ...

connects the system at

Guniangqiao station Guniangqiao () is a metro station on Line 5 of Hangzhou Metro The Hangzhou Metro () is a rapid transit system that serves Hangzhou in Zhejiang province, China. The system opened on November 24, 2012. It is the 17th city in China to operate a ...

of Line 5. * Line 1 is an arc-shaped line, begins at Xianghu in

Xiaoshan Xiaoshan is one of ten urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang Province, East China. Xiaoshan was formerly a city in its own right, separated by the Qiantang River from Hangzhou proper, but the municipal ...

, stretches across downtown HangzhouKat Jiang, '
Hangzhou to build metro system
'',

Shanghai Daily ''Shanghai Daily'' (Chinese: 上海日报, Pinyin: Shànghǎi Rìbào) is an English-language newspaper founded in 1999 and owned by the Shanghai United Media Group, a state media company under the Shanghai committee of the Chinese Communist Party. ...

, 2007-03-01 after crossing the

Qiantang River The Qiantang River, formerly known as the Hangchow River and alternatively romanised as the Tsientang River, is a river in East China. An important commercial artery, it runs for through Zhejiang, passing through the provincial capital Hangz ...

and ends at Hangzhou Xiaoshan Int'l Airport. It connects

West Lake West Lake (; ) is a freshwater lake in Hangzhou, China. It is divided into five sections by three causeways. There are numerous temples, pagodas, gardens, and natural/artificial islands within the lake. Gushan (孤山) is the largest natural ...

Hangzhou Railway Station Hangzhou railway station ( or ) is located in Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province of China. It is affiliated to Shanghai Railway Bureau, and is also the terminal of the Shanghai–Hangzhou Railway. The station is ranked first-class. ...

Hangzhou East Railway Station Hangzhoudong (Hangzhou East) railway station () is a railway station located in Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. Originally built as a small station serving the Shanghai-Kunming railway, it has been rebuilt as ...

, Xiasha Higher Education Park and the Airport. It used to have a branch line to

Linping District Linping is a district of the prefecture-level city of Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang Province, East China. It officially become a district on April 9, 2021. Linping District has a total area of 280 Square kilometers as of April 2021. Linping ...

, which became part of Line 9 in July 2021. * Line 2 links the Xiaoshan Industrial Park with Qianjiang Century City, Downtown Hangzhou and Liangzhu in

Yuhang District Yuhang is one of ten urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang Province, East China. Its 2013 population was estimated at 1.17 million. Its inhabitants speak both Mandarin and a variety of Hangzhounese, ...

. It runs in northwest–southeast direction. * Line 3 begins in Xingqiao subdistrict in

, runs in northeast–southwest direction and terminates at Wushanqiancun, North of

Hangzhou West Railway Station Hangzhou West railway station () is a railway station located in Cangqian Subdistrict, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. The station was opened on 22 September 2022. It is served by Shangqiu–Hangzhou high-speed railway (H ...

. A branch commence near Xixi Wetland and connects Xiaoheshan Higher Education Park. * Line 4 is a "?" shaped line that stretching from Puyan to Chihua Street in north Sandunzhen in Xihu District. It connects Puyan, West Lake scenic area south,

Qianjiang New City Qianjiang New City () or Hangzhou CBD () is a central business district situated in the west bank of Qiantang River in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Construction work of this district began in 2007, being a significant part of Hangzhou's res ...

and several residential areas in the north part of the city. * Line 5 is a "Z" shaped line stretching from Future Sci-Tech City in Yuhang District, passing multiple areas in the downtown and ends near Hangzhou-Shaoxing city limit. It provides multiple points of transfer and it is one of the busiest line in the system, serving more than 500,000 passengers per day. * Line 6 connects

Fuyang District () is one of ten urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang Province, East China. Fuyang is located in the northwest of Zhejiang on the Fuchun River, a tributary of the Qiantang River. The city is the birt ...

with Olympic Sports Park, Qianjiang Century City, Asian Games Village and the Hangzhou East Railway Station. It is one of two metro lines linking the main venue of 2022 Asian Games. * Line 7 links the West Lake with Qianjiang New City, Olympic Sports Park, Hangzhou Xiaoshan Int'l Airport and Dajiangdong Industrial Park. * Line 8 provides a link between Xiasha Higher Education Park and Dajiangdong Industrial Park. * Line 9 provides a link between Qianjiang New City and Linping District. The section between Linping and Coach Center was part of Line 1 until 10 July 2021. * Line 10 provides a North–South link between Huanglong Sports Center and Renhe subdistrict in Yuhang. It plans to connect Hangzhou-Deqing Intercity Rail in the future. * Line 16 is an express

metro line The Metro Line is a light rail transit line on the Edmonton LRT system. The line operates from northwest Edmonton to south Edmonton, and was scheduled to have begun operation by spring 2014 but instead opened on September 6, 2015, at a reduced ...

linking Lin'an District with Yuhang District. * Line 19 is an express

linking

and Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport. *

Hanghai line The Hanghai line () is a line of the Hangzhou Metro that connects the cities Hangzhou and Haining in Zhejiang, China. The total length is and has 13 stations, including 5 underground stations and 8 elevated stations and number of stations with pa ...

is a commuter rail line which links Linping District in Hangzhou with Haining in Jiaxing, passing multiple towns as well as the famous China Leather City. The Hangzhou Metro has the only metro system map in China whose first seven lines follow the hue order of the rainbow colors.

History

Initial plans

The planning for a metro system in the city started in the 1990s and was about to start construction works in September 2003, but the

State Council State Council may refer to: Government * State Council of the Republic of Korea, the national cabinet of South Korea, headed by the President * State Council of the People's Republic of China, the national cabinet and chief administrative auth ...

suspended construction works due to increasing costs. The state council approved the construction and operation of a rapid transit system by the Hangzhou Subway Group Co. Ltd in Hangzhou on June 5, 2005.Tang Fuchun,
Hangzhou Subway Planning Approved
'', china.org.cn, 2005-06-16 The preliminary design for the first line, Line 1, was approved on January 11, 2007, by the Development and Reform Commission after four days of study. It would be long, of which is underground, elevated, and at grade.

Construction

Construction of the first phase of Hangzhou Metro Line 1 began on March 28, 2007, with subsequent phases beginning later in that year. The first phase included three underground stations in

. Jiubao East Station is the biggest station along Line 1 and will be a hub for the future metro system and other forms of

public transport Public transport (also known as public transportation, public transit, mass transit, or simply transit) is a system of transport for passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public unlike private transport, typical ...

. The funding of Line 1 came from both the city government and the banks, with 10.2 billion yuan and 5 billion yuan respectively. The first phase construction was estimated to be 45 billion yuan. In January 2009, it was announced that

MTR Corporation MTR Corporation Limited is a majority government-owned public transport operator and property developer in Hong Kong which operates the Mass Transit Railway, the most popular public transport network in Hong Kong. It is listed on the Hong ...

would invest in a 22 billion-yuan ($3.2 billion) / 25-year / 49% share joint venture with the Hangzhou government to operate Line 1 of the metro. The first section of Line 4 opened for trial operation on February 2, 2015. In December 2016, the

National Development and Reform Commission The National Development and Reform Commission of the People's Republic of China (NDRC), formerly State Planning Commission and State Development Planning Commission, is a macroeconomic management agency under the State Council, which has br ...

approved the planning for 10 lines, including extensions to the three existing lines, scheduled to open in time for the 2022 Asian Games. By then the Hangzhou Metro network is projected to be long. As of 2018 there are over of subway lines under construction in Hangzhou.

Accident

On November 15, 2008, a section of the tunnel near Fengqing Avenue in

Xiaoshan District Xiaoshan is one of ten urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang Province, East China. Xiaoshan was formerly a city in its own right, separated by the Qiantang River from Hangzhou proper, but the municipal ...

collapsed while under construction, killing 17 people.

Future expansions

Under Construction

Phase IV Expansion

On November 14, 2022 the NDRC approved the 4th Phase Expansion plan consisting of 152.9km of new lines.

References

External links

Hangzhou Metro
(official site)

{{Rapid transit in Asia Rapid transit in China

Metro Metro, short for metropolitan, may refer to: Geography * Metro (city), a city in Indonesia * A metropolitan area, the populated region including and surrounding an urban center Public transport * Rapid transit, a passenger railway in an urba ...

Rail transport in Zhejiang Railway lines opened in 2012 2012 establishments in China Projects established in 1984